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Objective:To investigate the effect and safety of rituximab, programmed death 1 (PD-1) monoclonal antibody, and Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitor on elderly refractory primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL).Methods:The clinical data of an elderly patient with refractory PCNSL treated with the combination of rituximab, PD-1 monoclonal antibody and BTK inhibitor in the First Hospital of Jilin University in February 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. The relevant literature was reviewed.Results:The patient had primary central nervous system diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (high-risk group), and the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC) score was 2 (estimated overall survival time was 7 months). Disease progressed after 1 course of treatment. Complete remission was achieved after the therapy of rituximab, PD-1 monoclonal antibody combined with BTK inhibitor. PD-1 monoclonal antibody maintenance therapy was performed and patient was followed up until November 17, 2021. The patient's condition was stable. The second progression-free survival (PFS) time was 20 months, and the overall survival time was 21 months. The patient well tolerated the new drug treatment, and no adverse reactions of grade 3 or above occurred.Conclusions:The new targeted combination therapy can be used as a treatment option for elderly PCNSL patients, which can further improve the curative effect and significantly improve the prognosis.
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Objective To analyze the diagnostic value of features of mammographic mass edge in digital three dimensional tomography, and to discuss the correlations between the mammographic mass edge features and pathological features and molecular biological indicators, in order to provide evidence for early and accurate diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer and prognosis evaluation. Methods A retrospective analysis was made in 392 cases of breast cancer confirmed by operation and pathology in the People ' s Hospital of Shanxi Province from August 2017 to June 2018. These patients were examined by digital breast tomography (DBT) and full-field digital mammography (FFDM) before operation. Postoperative specimens were stained by immunohistochemical SP method to measure the expression of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) and Ki-67. The correlation between the mammographic mass edge features and pathological features and molecular biological indicators were analyzed by usingχ2 test and Fisher exact probability method. Results In 392 patients, 352 cases (89.80％) were invasive ductal carcinoma, 6 cases (1.53％) were ductal carcinoma in situ with microinvasion, 7 cases (1.79％) were invasive lobular carcinoma, 17 cases (4.34％) were papillary carcinoma, 8 cases (2.04％) were mucinous carcinoma, 1 case (0.26％) was medullary carcinoma, and 1 case (0.26％) was metaplastic carcinoma. DBT were significantly better than FFDM in the detection rate [93.6％ (367/392) vs. 77.8％ (305/392)] and the diagnostic coincidence rate [88.2％(345/392) vs. 76.8％(278/392)] for breast cancer and judging the marginal features of tumor. The DBT imaging features of mucinous carcinomas were mostly regular in shape and clear in margin. The DBT imaging features of invasive ductal carcinomas were marginal burr sign or burr with lobulation sign. Immunohistochemical detection displayed the positive expression rates of ER and PR were highest, the positive expression rates of HER2 and Ki-67 were the lowest in marginal burr masses;the positive expression rates of ER and PR were high, the positive expression rates of HER2 and Ki-67 were low in marginal lobulated masses; the positive expression rate of HER2 was highest in borderline masses or partial borderline masses; the positive expression rates of HER2 and Ki-67 were highest in clear margin masses. Conclusions Breast DBT can reduce or eliminate the tissue overlap in FFDM examination, and improve the detection rate, the diagnostic coincidence rate and the specificity of breast cancer. It can also indirectly provide evidence for preoperative judgment of biological behavior of tumors, guide clinical treatment and assess the prognosis through the morphological and marginal features of breast masses. Breast DBT is worthy of a wide clinical application in breast examination.
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Objective To investigate the clinical effect of selective laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) after percutaneous transhepatic gallbladder drainage (PTGD) in the treatment of elderly patients with acute severe cholecystitis,as well as the most appropriate timing for selective operation.Methods A total of 90 patients with acute severe cholecystitis aged above 60 years who were admitted to Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery in The First Hospital of Jilin University from January 2015 to June 2016 were enrolled,and according to the time of selective LC,they were divided into group A (with 2 months),group B (2-4 months),and group C (＞4 months),with 30 patients in each group.The clinical effects of PTGD and selective LC were observed.The t-test was used for comparison of continuous data between two groups,an analysis of variance was used for comparison between three groups,and LSD-t test was used for comparison between any two groups;the chi-square test was used for comparison of categorical data between groups.Results All the patients underwent successful PTGD,and the time to abdominal pain remission was 2.52 ± 0.76 hours.Body temperature returned to normal with 24-72 hours after surgery,and there were significant improvements in laboratory markers (white blood cell count,neutrophil count,and liver function) (all P ＜ 0.05).No patient experienced complications such as bile leakage,hematobilia,pneumothorax,and colon perforation caused by puncture,and there was no case of PTGD after the tube was detached.There were significant differences between the three groups in gallbladder wall thickness before LC (F =8.029,P ＜ 0.001),time of operation (F =24.674,P ＜ 0.001),intraoperative blood loss (F =12.864,P ＜ 0.001),length of hospital stay (F =22.844,P ＜ 0.001),rate of conversion to laparotomy (x2 =12.345,P =0.002),and incidence rate of complications (x2 =8.750,P =0.013).Compared with group A,groups B and C had significantly lower gallbladder wall thickness before LC,intraoperative blood loss,length of hospital stay,rate of conversion to laparotomy,and incidence rate of complications (all P ＜ 0.05),and group B had significantly lower time of operation,intraoperative blood loss,and length of hospital stay than group C (all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Selective LC with 2-4 months after PTGD has a marked clinical effect and high safety in the treatment of elderly patients with acute severe cholecystitis.
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Objective To analyze the association between clinicopathological features and molecular subtypes of breast carcinoma in women aged under 35 years old. Methods The clinicopathological data of 385 women aged under 35 years old who had complete data and were diagnosed as breast cancer from July 2009 to May 2016 were retrospectively analyzed. The relationship between clinicopathological features and molecular subtypes was analyzed by using nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis H test. Results In 415 cases, 385 cases were invasive ductal carcinoma, 22 cases were ductal carcinoma in situ, 4 cases were mucinous adenocarcinoma, 3 cases were invasive lobular carcinoma, 1 case was lobular carcinoma in situ. In invasive ductal carcinoma, luminal B type was the most [218 cases (56.6%)], and 60 cases (15.6%) were triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). There were significant differences in tumor mass, N stage, histological grade and clinical stage between the different molecular subtypes (all P < 0.05). Conclusions Tumor size, histological grade, lymph node staging and clinical stage of young female patients with breast carcinoma are closely associated with different molecular subtypes. The ratio of molecular subtypes with poor prognosis, higher histological grade and later clinical stage is high in all cases, which is related to the poor prognosis of young women breast carcinoma and should be paid more attention to the early diagnosis.
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Objective To analyze the association between clinicopathological features and molecular subtypes of breast carcinoma in women aged under 35 years old. Methods The clinicopathological data of 385 women aged under 35 years old who had complete data and were diagnosed as breast cancer from July 2009 to May 2016 were retrospectively analyzed. The relationship between clinicopathological features and molecular subtypes was analyzed by using nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis H test. Results In 415 cases, 385 cases were invasive ductal carcinoma, 22 cases were ductal carcinoma in situ, 4 cases were mucinous adenocarcinoma, 3 cases were invasive lobular carcinoma, 1 case was lobular carcinoma in situ. In invasive ductal carcinoma, luminal B type was the most [218 cases (56.6%)], and 60 cases (15.6%) were triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). There were significant differences in tumor mass, N stage, histological grade and clinical stage between the different molecular subtypes (all P < 0.05). Conclusions Tumor size, histological grade, lymph node staging and clinical stage of young female patients with breast carcinoma are closely associated with different molecular subtypes. The ratio of molecular subtypes with poor prognosis, higher histological grade and later clinical stage is high in all cases, which is related to the poor prognosis of young women breast carcinoma and should be paid more attention to the early diagnosis.
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Objective:To evaluate the value of adenosine triphophate (ATP)stress/rest nuclide myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI)in the diagnosis of female patients with coronary heart disease (CHD).Methods:The clinical materials of 47 female suspected CHD patients were retrospectively analyzed,aged from 39 to 74 years,and the average age was (53.7±6.3)years old.All patients were hospitalized and underwent two-day ATP stress and rest nuclide MPI and coronary angiography (CAG)in two weeks. The results and images of MPI and CAG were evaluated by more than 2 attending physicians. Using CAG as the “gold standard”, the diagnostic efficiency (sensitivity, specificity and accuracy) of MPI for CHD was evaluated. Results:Compared with CAG, the sensitivity,specificity and accuracy of ATP stress MPI in diagnosing the female CHD patients were 81.3% (13/16),77.4% (24/31)and 78.7% (37/47)individually;the positive predictive value and negative predictive value were 65.0% (13/20)and 88.9% (24/27).There were no severe adverse effects in the ATP stress test and the incidence of adverse effects was 85.1%.Conclusion:There is a highly diagnostic efficiency of ATP stress MPI in the CHD patients.It can be the first choice of examination methods for screening without injury and diagnosing the myocardial ischemia in the female patients.
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Recombinant protein SMB(PRG4) containing two Somatomedin B domains and a small amount of glycosylation of repetitive sequences of proteoglycan 4 was cloned according to PGR4 gene polymorphism. Mature purification process was established and recombinant protein SMB(PRG4), with high-level expression was purified. By using size-exclusion chromatogaraphy and dynamic light scattering, we found that the recombinant protein self-aggregate to dimeric form. Structure prediction and non-reducing electrophoresis revealed that SMB(PRG4), was a non-covalently bonded dimer.
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Glycosylation , Protein Multimerization , Proteoglycans , Chemistry , Recombinant Proteins , Chemistry , Somatomedins , ChemistryABSTRACT
Objective Electronic portal imaging devices (EPIDs) are widely used as a replacement of portal films for patient position verification, but the image quality is not always optimal. Because of very low density resolution, the portal imaging is difficult to be used clinically. In this study, several transforming models and the optimization exposure or acquisition conditions were studied for optimization portal imaging, which based on DicomRT platform built by ourselves. Methods 6 MV X-ray from Varian 21EX linac was used to generate portal images by Portal Vision aSiS00 amorphous silicon detector image acquisition system. The density resolution study was based on the number of the lines which could be seen in the image of a special Las Vegas image quality test board. The optimization calculating models were focused on equalization after stretch transforming discrete wavelet transform (DWT) and Butterworth high pass filters. The calculation was performed in Matlab language. Results The optimal numbers of MU, average frames and reset number were 4 - 5,3 - 4 and 2 - 3, respectively. The density resolution of optimized imaging via equalization after stretch transforming, DWT and Butterworth high pass filter transforming was markedly improved. The bone structure could be definitely distinguished. The number of lines distinguished in Las Vegas image via equalization after stretch transforming, DWT and Betterworth high pass filter transforming was 3, 4 and 5, respectivly. Conclusions The proposed transforming systems, including DWT edge detection and Butterworth high pass filter transform, are suitable for improving density resolving power of MV X-ray portal image.
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BACKGROUND: Endothelial progenitor calls are the cells that can form new blood vessels in the way of angiogenesis in the body,which updates the conventional theory of angiogenesis, vascular damage and repair after birth and provides new ideas for research and treatment of ischemic diseases.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of dog umbilical cord blood endothelial progenitor call (UCB-EPC) transplantation on angiogenesis after myocardial infarction.DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: An in vivo cytological experiment was performed at the Laboratory Center of Xinhua Hospital between May 2006 and March 2007.MATERIALS: One full-term pregnant hybrid dog was included for preparation of UCB-EPCs. Thirty-six adult dogs were randomly divided into a cell transplantation group (n = 18) and a model control group (n = 18).METHODS: Acute myocardial infarction model was established in each group by ligation of antedor descending coronary artery.In the cell transplantation group, 2 mL physiological saline containing 5×10<'6> BrdU-labeled EPCs was injected into the coronary artery, while in the model control group, simple physiological saline of the same amount was given. At 1,4, and 8 weeks after transplantation, dogs were sacrificed for harvesting myocardial tissue.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Myocardial infarction was confirmed by hematoxylin-eosin staining. Myocardial angiogenesis was observed by BrdU immunohistochemical staining. The number of infarcted myocardial vessels was calculated by yon Willebrand (vW) factor staining.RESULTS: There was plenty of scar tissue, flbroblasts, and small vessels in the myocardial infarction region. In the cell transplantation group, brown yellow particles (BrdU-positive expression) appeared in some nuclei in small vessels from infarcted myocardium. Newly formed vessels were not found in the model control group. In the cell transplantation group, brown yellow particles (vW factor-positive expression) appeared in the cytoplasm of the vascular endothelial cells in the myocardial ischemia and infarction regions, vW factors were not expressed in the model control group. At 1, 4, and 8 weeks after myocardial infarction,there was no significant difference in vessel counts no matter in myocardial ischemia region or in myocardial infarction region between the call transplantation and model control groups.CONCLUSION: EPCs derived from UCB of pregnant dog can participate in the formation of blood vessels but can not promote angiogenesis after acute myocardial infarction.
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Objective To explore the effects of 75 mGy irradiation on the apoptosis of spermatogenic cells and antioxidant capacity of serum and testis and hormone levels in male rats with diabetes mellitus(DM).Methods Rats were injected intraperitoneally with streptozotocin(STZ)to develop diabetes.The diabetic rats were irradiated with 75 mGy X-rays every other day for 4 weeks.Their survival rate and body weight were recorded 12 weeks after development of diabetes.The apeptosis percentage of germ cells was measured with flow cytometry and TUNEL method.The changes of anti-oxidation and gonadal hormone levels in serum and testis were measured with kits.Results After the rats suffered from diabetes for 12 weeks,the survival rate in DM group was 25%(6/24),100% in normal control group(16116).The survival rate in 75 mGy + DM group(9/16,56.25%)was obviously higher than that in the DM group(X2= 4.00,P < 0.05).Meanwhile,the percentage of apaptotic spermatogenic cells in the diabetic rats was significantly larger than those in the normal control and irradiation groups(F = 5.496,P < 0.05).MDA and NO levels in serum and testis of diabetic rats were higher in varying degrees than that in the normal control,while the serum and testis MDA content in the 75 mGy + DM group were lower than those in the DM group especially in the testis(F = 10.644,P < 0.01).75 mGy X-ray irradiation decreased NO content in the diabetic rats serum significantly(F = 14.379,P < 0.05)and increased NOS activity and TS,FSH level(F = 9.676,43.194 and 5.282,respectively,P < 0.05 and P < 0.01).Conclusions LDR could decrease the MDA level and NO content,and increase the antioxidant enzyme activity and TS and FSH levels in testis and serum of diabetic rats.
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BACKGROUND: Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a very effective way to make tissue engineer bone vascularization.However, because of expensive and short half-life, VEGF cannot maintain effective concentration in blood after injection. To resolve the problem effectively, gene transfection technique is used in this experiment to transfer human VEGF into seed cells-mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) of tissue engineer bone and to make it secrete VEGF which could vascularize bone.OBJECTIVE: To explore the possibility of human vascular endothelial growth factor 165 (VEGF165) to transfect rabbit MSCs, and establish the experimental foundation of angiogenesis tissue engineering organization and the treatment of ischemic disorders.DESIGN: Observation control trail.SETTING: First Hospital of Jilin University and Institute of Frontier Medical Sciences of Jilin University.MATERIALS: The experiment was conducted in the Key Laboratory (BSL-2) of Frontier Medical Sciences of Jilin University between June 2003 and August 2004. Health New Zealand white rabbits, 4.0-5.0 months old, weighing 2.5-3.5 kg, half male and half female, were provided by Animal Center of Jilin University. The rabbits were handled under asepsis and anesthetized condition,corresponding to the animal ethical standard. Medicine and reagents: Ham F12 culture media (Gibco, U.S), MTT (Sigma, U.S)PLXSNKDRp-VEGF165 and pcDNA 3.0 vectors were prepared in the present laboratory. ELISA detection kit (Jingmei company,Shenzhen), DH5 α, restriction endonucleases Barn H I, Xhol Ⅰ, Hind Ⅲ, EcoR Ⅰ and standard DNA molecule (Promega,U.S) were also used in this study.METHODS: Rabbits' MSCs were separated and cultivated. The pcDNA 3.0-hVEGF165 expression vector was constructed and identified, pcDNA3.0-VEGF165 eukaryotic expression vector was constructed, the vector was used directly to transfect MSCs. The cultural supernatant then was collected and the soluble protein of human VEGF gene expression was analyzed with ELISA method.The proliferation capability of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) stimulated by the supernatant was measured with MTT methods, untreated MSCs and pcDNA3.0 transfected MSCs were used as control groups.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Result of restriction enzyme digestion and DNA sequencing of the recombinant plasmid pcDNA3.0-VEGF165;② the secretion of human VEGF165 proteins of the transfected MSCs analyzed by ABC-ELISA; ③ MTT method was used to detect the effects of MSCs culture supematant transfected with VEGF165 on HUVEC cells proliferation ability.RESULTS: ①Result of restriction enzyme digestion and DNA sequencing of the recombinant plasmid: The constructed plasmid was digested with Hind Ⅲ and XHol Ⅰ, and then two pieces fragments were isolated with agarose gel electrophoresis, which was accordance with expected results. And sequencing results showed that PeDNA3.0-VEGF165 eukaryotic expression vector was successfully constructed. ② ABC-ELISA method: Compared with the control group, concentration of human VEGF protein in the supernatant of the cultured cells increased significantly after the MSCs were transfected with pcDNA3.0-VEGF165 for 24, 48, 72 hours (P＜0.05).③ MTT method was used to detect the effects of MSCs culture supernatant transfected with VEGF165 on HUVEC cells proliferation ability. The results showed MSCs supematant transfected with VEGF165 (2%, 4%,8%, 16%, and 32%) had statistical significance in promoting HUVEC cells proliferation rate compared with the normal control (P＜0.05).CONCLUSION: Human VEGF gene can be successfully transfected into MSCs and expressed effectively.
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Objective To evaluate the radioprotective effects of Quercetin (QN) on 6 Gy X-ray irradiation-induced immune dysfunction and toxicity in hepatic tissue in rats. Methods 40 adult rats were randomly divided into 4 groups. Group Ⅰ was injected intraperitoneally with saline solution for 7 consecutive day sand served as control group. Group Ⅱ was daily injected with QN (40 mg/kg) for 7 consecutive days. Group Ⅲ was irradiated with a single dose of 6 Gy X-ray. Group Ⅳ received a daily injection of QN (40 mg/kg) for 7 consecutive days, and 1 h after the last injection rats were irradiated with a single dose (6 Gy) X-ray irradiation.The animals were sacrificed after 24 h. Lymphocyte transforming rate was measured with MTT method, and CD+4 T, CD+4 T and CD+8/CD+8 T were measured with flow cytometry method. Oxidative conditions in liver were measured with malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione hormone (GSH), supernxide dismutase (SOD) andglutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities kits. HE staining was used to observe the general condition of rat's liver. Results Lymphocyte transforming rate, CD+4 T, CD+8 T and CD+8/CD+8 T in rats of Group Ⅳ were all higher than those in rats of Group Ⅲ ( F = 8.455,22.644, 18.911, P < 0.01 ). MDA content in the Group Ⅳ rat's liver was lower than that in the Group Ⅲ ( F = 10.059, P < 0.01 ) and antioxidant enzymes SOD, GSH-Px activities were higher than those in Group Ⅲ (F = 23.688,186.046,19.788, P < 0.01 ). The capillary of the hepatic lobules dilated and congested obviously in portal area, involving infiltration of polymorphonuclear leukocytes in the Group Ⅲ, while QN improved this change apparendy. Conclusions Pretreatment with Quercetin improved the irradiated rat's immune functions and protected the irradiated rats from oxidative stress to some extent.
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Objective To study the changes of apoptosis and cell cycle progression of Hela cells after the poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase(PARP) was inhibited by its inhibitor 3-aminobenzamid(3-AB) and the mechanisms of PARP interaction with Hela cells damaged by irradiation.Methods Hela cell line was used.Flow cytometry(FCM) was used to examine the PARP expression of control and 3-AB groups at 0,2,4,8,12 h after administration with 5 mmol?L-1 3-AB.The percentage of apoptotic cells and cell cycle progression of control,irradiation,3-AB plus irradiation groups were measured with FCM at 2,8,12,24 h after exposure to 2 Gy irradiation following administration with 5 mmol?L-1 3-AB.Results The percentage of Hela cells with positive expression of PARP protein decreased after administration with 3-AB and there was significant difference between 3-AB plus irradiation group and control group(P
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Objective To determine whether the use of 18F-FDG PET/CT alters staging and management of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) when compared with MRI staging practice;and to explore the relation of standard uptake value (SUV) of 18F-FDG PET/CT and the pathological classification and T staging of NPC. Methods The study was performed retrospectively on a group of 41 patients with a new diagnosis of NPC. All the patients underwent whole body PET/CT scanning and head & neck MRI scanning within 3 weeks of each other. The AJCC protocol was introduced to stage NPC and the results of the PET/CT were compared with MRI based on pathologic diagnosis. Results ①Primary tumor:the accuracy of T staging of PET/CT was significantly higher than MRI (85.37% vs 60.98%,U=2.49,P
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Diabetes is a metabolic disease caused by complicated factors, and its damage to the male reproductive system is threatening men's health. This article reviews the pathophysiological changes in the diabetes-damaged male reproductive system and the mechanism of these changes. Oxidative stress induced by hyperglycemia plays an important role in working damage to the reproductive system of diabetic males, for which some anti-oxidative substances may prove to be an effective cure.
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Animals , Humans , Male , Rats , Androgen-Binding Protein , Diabetes Mellitus , Pathology , Free Radicals , Leydig Cells , Metabolism , Oxidative Stress , Sertoli Cells , Bodily Secretions , Testis , Pathology , TestosteroneABSTRACT
AIM: Through studying the differences between wild-type acidic fibroblast growth factor (waFGF) with recombinant aFGF (raFGF), the biological effect of raFGF concerned with mitogenic activity was evaluated. METHODS: NIH3T3 cell line was used. Cell proliferation with MTT method was used to study the mitogenic activity. Flow cytometry was also used for detection of apoptosis, cell membrane permeability and mitochondria potential. The role of heparin sulfate (HS) on aFGF biological effect was studied at the same time in this research. RESULTS: The enhancement of raFGF on cell proliferation was significantly lower than that of waFGF. The restriction of raFGF on apoptosis and the enhancement of it on cell membrane permeability were all lower than those of waFGF significantly. The enhancement of raFGF on mitochondria potential was lower than that of waFGF significantly. The HS improved the biological effect of aFGF. CONCLUSION: The mitogenic activity of raFGF is lower than that of waFGF and raFGF has little effect on apoptosis.